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Foxhound

The Foxhound is a large, powerful dog with a short, hard wearing and weatherproof coat. They have drop ears, a deep chest and muscular build with the strong tail held high. This playful dog is extremely affectionate and loyal, making Foxhounds amazing members of the family.

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for experienced owners
  • Some training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking one to two hours a day
  • Large dog
  • Minimum drool
  • Requires grooming once a week
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Very vocal dog
  • Not a guard dog
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • Great family dog
Lifespan:
10 – 12 years
Weight:
29 – 32kg
Height:
58 – 64cm
Colours:
White base with tan, lemon, brown or black markings, or tricolour
Size:
Large
UK Kennel Club Groups:
Hound
Personality

The Foxhound is a working pack hound, bred for centuries to hunt, and to travel long distances at a trot and then further distances at a gallop, several days a week. Although sociable, friendly and affable in character when not working, this breed thrives on hard work, and will not be happy without it.

History and Origins

Country of Origin:  England

 

As their name suggests, the Foxhound was bred to hunt foxes either on foot or followed by a mounted pack depending on the terrain they hunted. Individual hunts developed their own lines specific to their needs, so their breed standard is broad and they have never been a particular popular show or pet dog. Over the years the breed has been refined and altered with the addition of Greyhound, Fox Terrier and Bulldog, along with outcrossings to different lines of Foxhound from other packs. Although recognised by the Kennel Club in the UK, the Foxhound almost never appears in Kennel Club run show-rings, instead being shown at agricultural shows as a pack or as couples (pairs of dogs) rather than as individuals. This is and remains very much a working hound.

Nutrition and Feeding

Large breed dogs, as well as having large appetites, benefit from a different balance of nutrients including minerals and vitamins compared to smaller-breed dogs. The Foxhound, with his deep chest, is more prone to bloating and stomach problems; smaller, more frequent meals can help minimise this risk. Discover more about how to offer your dog a balanced diet with our easy-to-follow guide.

Exercise

Two hours of dog exercise per day is the absolute minimum for a Foxhound. A mixture of walking, trotting and free running across a variety of terrains, plus scent work to use their inherent desire to follow a trail. They are bred to run miles each day, running alongside a horse or bicycle on non-hunting days, and galloping across hills, muddy plough, through ditches and over hedges on hunting days, which are two or three days per week. The Foxhound has incredible stamina and agility and is not shy of cold or wet weather. It is difficult for most owners to provide this kind of exercise.

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

The Foxhound is a very hardy breed with few health problems commonly encountered.

 

Space Requirements

 

This is a big hound, who wants to be out and about in all weathers. A home with space to provide a Foxhound with their own room, ideally with several other Foxhounds as company, and an extremely secure garden (and never leave a Foxhound unsupervised outside, they can scale, jump or dig under fencing with ease). Suited to the countryside only, and to an owner who enjoys Cani-x, tracking, mantrailing and spending long hours retrieving their hound from muddy woodlands. Ideally an owner who does not work, as the Foxhound does not do well when left unsupervised or unoccupied!

 

Training Foxhounds

 

To train a Foxhound first you will need to understand how a Foxhound thinks. They think with their noses, and once the nose is down they follow the scent until they find their quarry. There is really no such thing as a ‘pet’ Foxhound, if you really must own one, you will need to find some form of work for your hound, every day, no matter the weather, and you must be more engaging and interesting than the surrounding environment at all times! Work on recall and dog socialising with livestock and other pets is vital but should never be relied upon for the safety of either the dog or other animals.

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

Although sociable and friendly when well trained, socialised and habituated to family life, the Foxhound is a big dog prone to clumsiness in small spaces. Better suited to older teens and families who do not mind a bit of knocking about by an enthusiastic hound, particularly as these dogs are happier in the company of other Foxhounds. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with each other and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

 

Did You Know?

 

  • The Master of Foxhounds Association is the governing body for registered packs and maintains the Foxhound Stud Book which keeps all the records of Foxhounds born into each registered pack since fox hunting began. Foxhound studs are referred to as ‘stallions’, unusual in the dog world but this is related to their close link with horses and horse breeding.
  • Foxhounds briefly came to public attention with the 1981 Disney film The Fox and the Hound but despite its appeal, most people thankfully recognised it as the ultimate parable about the social pressures and expectations put on those from different groups or backgrounds to be adversaries.
Fox Terrier Wire Coat

He might be small, but the short-backed, muscular Wire Fox Terrier exudes strength. The thick, wiry coat is predominantly white with black, tan, or black and tan markings. Adult male dogs are 39cm tall or under and weigh about 8kg, and females are slightly smaller.

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for owners with some experience
  • Some training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking an hour a day
  • Small dog
  • Minimum drool
  • Requires grooming every other day
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Very vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks and alerts
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Personality

An alert, ever-ready terrier, the Wire Fox Terrier is an active dog that needs to be kept busy. If he's bored, he will find his own amusement – in digging, barking or finding other 'entertainment'. A bold, outgoing terrier, he should be friendly with people, though his keen hunting instinct may never be far from the surface.

History and Origins

Developed from a regional wire-coated black and tan working terrier from Wales, Derbyshire and Durham, the Wire Fox Terrier dog breed has been used since the 19th century to hunt flush out fox if they went to ground, in order that the hunt could continue. Originally the breed was classed as the Fox Terrier with two varieties within it – the Wire and Smooth coats – and interbreeding between the varieties was common in the early years, but they are now considered quite separate, with their own breed standards.

Nutrition and Feeding

Small dogs have a fast metabolism, meaning they burn energy at a high rate, although their small stomachs mean that they must eat little and often. Small-breed foods are specifically designed with appropriate levels of key nutrients and smaller kibble sizes to suit smaller mouths. This also encourages chewing and improves digestion.

Exercise

The Wire Fox Terrier needs at least an hour daily exercise. Although he can be socialised from young to live happily with the family cat, he is likely to chase any others he encounters when out and about, as well as any other small, fast-moving creatures, so ensure he is on a lead in urban/traffic areas.

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

The Wire Fox Terrier is generally a very healthy breed. However, in common with many small/toy breeds they can suffer from kneecaps that are prone to slipping temporarily out of place (luxating patellas) and some inherited eye problems.

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Fox Terrier Smooth Coat

A short-backed terrier with a long face, this dog has a short, smooth coat that is predominantly white, with or without tan, black or black and tan markings. He has smooth, elegant lines and appears strong, compact and ready for action! When fully grown the Smooth Fox Terrier stands at around 39cm or under and weighs approximately 7.5-8kg (males) and 7-7.5kg (females).

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for owners with some experience
  • Some training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking an hour a day
  • Small dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming once a week
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Very vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks and alerts
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Personality

The Smooth Fox Terrier is often a bold, courageous character that fears nothing, but he shouldn't be feared himself as he is a friendly dog, especially towards his owners. As you'd expect, given his working terrier heritage, this dog loves to dig, so keen gardeners should ensure any prized plants are out of reach. A dedicated dig pit where he can excavate toys or chews to his heart's content would be much appreciated.

History and Origins

Developed from various breeds in the 19th century, including the Black and Tan Terrier and Bull Terrier, the Smooth Fox Terrier dog breed was bred to find the fox and drive it from its lair, so it could continue to be hunted by the hounds and horsemen if it went to ground. He was also used for killing vermin. Originally the breed was classed as the Fox Terrier with two varieties within it – the Wire and Smooth coats – and interbreeding between the varieties was common in the early years, but they are now considered quite separate, with their own breed standards.

Nutrition and Feeding

Small dogs have a fast metabolism, meaning they burn energy at a high rate, although their small stomachs mean that they must eat little and often. Small-breed foods are specifically designed with appropriate levels of key nutrients and smaller kibble sizes to suit smaller mouths. This also encourages chewing and improves digestion.

Exercise

An active dog, the Smooth Fox Terrier will need at least an hour exercise a day, though will happily take more. He will enjoy being kept busy – be it patrolling the garden for rodents, digging, or practising a dog sport with you. He will chase squirrels, cats or other small furries on walks, so do keep him on a lead in areas where traffic or other hazards pose a danger. He will also enjoy playing terrier-type games with his owner.

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

The Smooth Fox Terrier is generally a very healthy breed. However, in common with many small/toy breeds they can suffer from kneecaps that are prone to slipping temporarily out of place (luxating patellas) and some inherited eye problems. Some inherited eye problems can arise, so routine eye testing of breeding dogs is advised.

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Finnish Spitz

With his pointed muzzle and prick ears, the Finnish Spitz resembles a fox. Once used to hunt small birds and game, the breed today primarily is a playful, friendly house dog. Known for his barking, the Finnish Spitz long ago summoned hunters by barking. A seasonal heavy shedder with a fluffy, dense double coat, this breed needs weekly brushing as well as moderate exercise.

DID YOU KNOW? In barking contests, the Finnish Spitz has been known to bark up to 160 times a minute. The national dog of Finland, he sometimes is called the barking bird dog. The Finnish Spitz is slow to mature, reaching adulthood at 3 ½ to 4 years of age.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Finnish Hunting Dog, Finnish Spets, Finsk Spets, Loulou Finois, Suomalainen pystykorva, Suomenpystykorva

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for owners with some experience
  • Some training required
  • Enjoys gentle walks
  • Enjoys walking an hour a day
  • Medium dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming daily
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Very vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks and alerts
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Lifespan:
12 – 15 years
Weight:
14 – 16kg
Height:
39 – 50cm
Colours:
The coat comes in shades of red-gold or red brown with a lighter coloured, soft undercoat that almost makes the dog glow in the right light
Size:
Medium
UK Kennel Club Groups:
Hound
Personality

The Finnish Spitz is lively and alert, bold and brave with a keen desire to hunt, and to bark about anything they have seen. Loyal with loved ones and said to be excellent with children, they are clever and quick witted and require consistency in training. In Finland they are trained only to bark at their specific quarry and to ignore anything else so it is evidently possible to teach them not to bark indiscriminately, but this will require work.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: Finland

 

Bred to hunt by scent and sight, the Finnish Spitz has been a hunting dog for centuries and is still used today in Finland to track capercaillie and black grouse. In the past they also hunted large game including elk (moose) and bear.

 

Their position in the hound group in the UK is a little unusual as this Spitz type breed actually performs a HPR (Hunt, Point, Retrieve) role in the field. They track game by scent, then point at the game up a tree whilst barking softly and waving their tail which lulls the game into a false sense of security and alerts the hunter. As the hunter gets closer the dog barks louder and moves around the tree. The bird wishing to keep an eye on this suspicious yet mesmerising creature turns to keep it in view, and then the hunter can sneak up quietly and shoot the bird!

 

Due to improvements in transport and the increased mixing of people and their dogs, the Finnish Spitz was bred with other similar types and the breed was almost lost as a result. In the 1880s, two Finnish foresters, Hugo Sandberg and Hugo Roos set out to save the breed and by 1892, they succeeded in having them recognised by the Finnish Kennel Club under the name Suomenpystykorva. Roos was actively involved in breeding, showing and judging the Finnish Spitz until the 1920s, and today the breed is secure with nearly 2000 puppies registered annually in Finland.

Nutrition and Feeding

Your dog's diet needs to have the right balance of all the main nutrient groups including a constant supply of fresh water. It's also important to conduct regular?body condition?scores to ensure you keep your dog in ideal shape and remember to feed them at least twice daily and in accordance with the feeding guidelines of their particular food.

Exercise

An hour a day or more will keep the Finnish Spitz happy, but this is an intelligent and independent breed so walks must be interesting and involve training and games, not just plodding around the same route day in, day out. They love cold weather and won’t notice rain or wind under their thick coat, so don’t think you’ll get a rain-check or a snow-day!

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

Generally a healthy dog, the Finnish Spitz suffers no significant breed-related disorders. The breed club monitor the health of the breed carefully and should be contacted for the most up-to-date information and details of any DNA or additional testing they recommend. Breed Clubs can be found on the Kennel Club website.

 

Space Requirements

 

The Finnish Spitz is small and neat and won’t take up a lot of room. They can shed a considerable amount of hair, and though this hair cleans up relatively easily, it should be taken into consideration. Due to their vocal and prey-driven nature, a home in the country with a very secure garden would be best, with access to a variety of interesting walks and secure off lead areas so they can run safely.

 

Training Finnish Spitz

 

As a working breed they are trainable with the right motivation, positive reinforcement and consistency. Understanding what motivates the Finnish Spitz and finding ways to meet those needs will really help. They love to use their noses, so scent work will appeal to them and be an excellent way to engage their brains. Pay attention to training a good recall from an early age, and teach them to be quiet on cue for those frequent times when they feel the need to shout at something!

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

Although the Finnish Spitz is said to be excellent with children, care should be taken. They require plenty of exercise and training and therefore may not suit a busy young family who have other time-consuming commitments. Older children will enjoy training and playing with the Finnish Spitz and having them as part of their family. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

 

Did You Know?

 

  • In Scandinavia there are official barking competitions run for Finnish Spitz to find the ‘King of the Barkers’, and they don’t just bark loudly, they bark fast. Finnish Spitz have been recorded barking at 160 barks per minute. Do consider whether your neighbours will appreciate this type of achievement before getting one for yourself!
  • The breed has been known by many names over the years including Suomen Pystykorva, Finnish Barking Birddog, Finsk Spets, Spitz Finnico, Spitz Finlandes, Finse Spits and Finnenspitz.
  • The ancestors of the Finnish Spitz date back several thousand years.
  • The Finnish Spitz is the national dog of Finland and is actually referenced in many Finnish patriotic songs.
  • This breed takes a long time to mature and generally retain a puppylike behaviour until 3-4 years of age.
Finnish Lapphund

Developed north of the Arctic Circle to herd reindeer, the Finnish Lapphund has a thick, water-repellant double coat that protects him from extreme cold. Agile and alert, this breed is eager to please and has a calm temperament, making him an ideal family pet. His sweet face is likened to that of a teddy bear. The Finnish Lapphund needs daily exercise to keep him from becoming bored as well as regular grooming.

DID YOU KNOW? The Finnish Lapphund is the third most popular breed in Finland.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Lapinkoira, Suomenlapinkoira

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for owners with some experience
  • Basic training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking one to two hours a day
  • Medium dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming every other day
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Very vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks and alerts
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Lifespan:
12 – 15 years
Weight:
17 – 19kg
Height:
44 – 49cm
Colours:
The coat comes in all colours except merle, and Lapphunds usually display a distinct light mask over the face that gives them a very attractive smiling appearance
Size:
Medium
UK Kennel Club Groups:
Pastoral
Personality

Keen to work with their owners, the Finnish Lapphund retains a strong herding instinct and is an instinctive hunter outdoors. At home they are alert yet calm, affectionate and loyal. Not as noisy as some spitz types, they will still require some effort put into training to stay quiet as they are naturally inclined to alert to anything they perceive as novel or suspicious.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: Finland

 

Whilst it is clear from archaeological records that the region and people of Lapland have for centuries lived and worked alongside a medium sized arctic spitz type, exact details are unknown. Little written information exists and that which does is written in Laplandic dialect that is now almost impossible to translate. We do however know that the Lapphund worked with the semi-nomadic Sami people of Lapland (a region covering the north of Finland and bordering Sweden and Norway), herding reindeer and likely performing hunting, watchdog and guarding dog roles, as well as companion dog duties.

 

With the damage done to Lapland during the second world war, and then the invention of the snowmobile, Lapphunds are rarely used for reindeer herding today - although some still do. Built to gallop, the Finnish Lapphund often works alongside the shorter-legged Lapponian Herder, another native breed of the region. Recognised by the Finland Kennel Club in 1945, they were not included on the Import Register by the UK Kennel Club until the late 1980s.

Nutrition and Feeding

Your dog's diet needs to have the right balance of all the main nutrient groups including a constant supply of fresh water. It's important to conduct regular?body condition?scores to ensure you keep your dog in ideal shape and remember to feed them at least twice daily and in accordance with the feeding guidelines of their particular food.

Exercise

The Finnish Lapphund ideally requires two hours exercise per day, although some of this can be in the form of training and dog-based sports or activities. This is an active breed and they can turn a paw to a variety of canine hobbies such as agility, canicross, man-trailing and more. Not a dog to leave idle, their independent and problem-solving mind will lead them into (often noisy) trouble if you do!

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

As with many breeds, the Finnish Lapphund can occasionally suffer from various hereditary eye disorders, and hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Eye testing and hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important. The breed club monitor the health of the breed carefully and should be contacted for the most up-to-date information and details of any DNA or additional testing they recommend. Breed Clubs can be found on the Kennel Club website.

 

Space Requirements

 

The Finnish Lapphund is not demanding on space, however this is a dog bred for arctic conditions so if you like a warm stuffy home, and aren’t keen on the outdoors or doors being open all day, they may not be for you. The coat is weatherproof but may pick up considerable amounts of wet and mud, so space to groom and dry off is necessary. A secure garden of a decent size, and access to interesting and varied walking routes are essential. Given their alert, watchdog nature and desire to herd and hunt, a rural environment will suit the Lapphund better than a city location.

 

Training Finnish Lapphunds

 

The Finnish Lapphund will actively enjoy training for its own sake - and fun, engaging training in a variety of games and hobbies will keep them amused and entertained. Pay particular attention to teaching a strong recall to avoid hunting and herding instincts getting them (and you!) into trouble. Teach them to be quiet on cue and socialise well from an early age to avoid them becoming a barky nuisance.

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

Great for families with older children but keep in mind their desire to herd and propensity towards barking, a noisy family with very small children may find the addition of a barking dog insistent on rounding up toddlers rather stressful. For older children and teenagers who want to participate in training and dog sport, the Finnish Lapphund can be an excellent companion. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

 

Did You Know?

 

  • These attractive smiling dogs are so clever and trainable, the breed club in the UK (Finnish Lapphund Club UK) runs versatility awards, where owners can submit evidence of their dog’s achievements both in the show ring and at activities such as flyball, agility, mountain rescue and more.
  • Through mitochondrial DNA testing, the Finnish Lapphund is known to be a part of the d1 subclade, which can be traced back over 3000 years. This subclade has been pinpointed to have occurred as a result of a female wolf mating with a domesticated male dog.
  • The Finnish Lapphund is also known as the ‘Lapinkoira’.
  • This breed is incredibly smart which makes them perfectly suited to working roles and sporting, however some owners report that they’re ‘too smart for their own good’.
  • Finnish Lapphund’s toes are spread out to act as a snowshoe and have fur on their feet and between their paw pads.
Estrela Mountain Dog

This large, powerful, athletic mastiff-type stands around 65-72cm (dogs) or 62-68cm (females) when fully grown and weighs in at 30-50kg. He comes in two coat types: long or short, which come in fawn, brindle, wolf grey or black.

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for experienced owners
  • Extra training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking one to two hours a day
  • Large dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming daily
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Very vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks, alerts and it's physically protective
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Personality

With his family, the Estrela Mountain Dog is devoted and loving; with others, he is reserved, so early, thorough socialisation with people and ongoing training is especially important. As you would expect of a guarding breed, he is alert and naturally vocal. Given his size, he is surprisingly agile, so a minimum of 6ft high fencing is recommended.

History and Origins

Originally a guarding breed from the Estrela mountains in northern Portugal, this dog either developed from the Mastiff-type dogs that the Romans had with them when they arrived in the Iberian Peninsula, or came with the invading Visigoths. No one knows for sure, but, regardless of the exact origins, there's no disputing that the Estrela Mountain Dog breed is one of the oldest breeds in Portugal, used for centuries to guard sheep and goats against predators that included the wolf. The isolated geographical area meant that the breed changed little over the years.

Nutrition and Feeding

Large breed dogs, as well as having large appetites, benefit from a different balance of nutrients including minerals and vitamins compared to smaller-breed dogs.

Exercise

Bred to patrol the mountains, he can walk for miles and has great stamina, but around an hour's exercise a day will keep him content. He is surprisingly playful, given his size, and will enjoy games with his owner. He can be stubborn, but is generally a happy pupil and has taken part in search and rescue as well as obedience and agility.

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

The Estrela dog breed is generally a healthy and robust breed. However, as with many breeds they can suffer from hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important. They are also predisposed to a particular heart disease which is common in many large breeds of dog.

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

English Toy Terrier (Black & Tan)

English Toy Terriers are small, smooth-coated black and tan dogs with pointed, erect ears. They are slightly longer than they are tall. Ideally, the adult English Toy Terrier measures 25-30cm and weighs around 2.7-3.6kg.

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for owners with some experience
  • Some training required
  • Enjoys gentle walks
  • Enjoys walking half an hour a day
  • Little toy dog
  • Minimum drool
  • Requires grooming once a week
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Very vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks and alerts
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Personality

This little dog does possess a trace of the terrier temperament. On the whole they are affectionate, friendly and totally devoted to their family. They will quite happily live in either the town or country and get on well with older children. They should be socialised with other dogs, cats and children from an early age.

History and Origins

The English Toy Terrier dog breed was known as the Miniature Black

 

Tan Terrier up to the 1960s, and can be traced back to the black and tan terriers recorded in the 16th century. In England during the 1800s these terriers were very much in demand as ratters due to the increasing rat population brought about by the advancement of the industrial revolution. They were carried by gentlemen in their pockets on hunts and sent to ground as necessary to flush out foxes and so on. Contests between terriers and betting on how long it would take the dogs to kill a number of rats became popular. As the English Toy Terrier became ever more popular, and people wanted smaller dogs, a lot of interbreeding took place with the smallest of the litters being used for breeding.

Nutrition and Feeding

Toy dogs have a fast metabolism, meaning they burn energy at a high rate, although their small stomachs mean that they must eat little and often. Small-breed foods are specifically designed with appropriate levels of key nutrients and smaller kibble sizes to suit smaller mouths. This also encourages chewing and improves digestion.

Exercise

The English Toy Terrier breed does not require a lot of exercise – about half an hour daily is needed for an adult. However, they do enjoy longer walks and, although they may appear dainty and frail, they can walk for many miles. They also enjoy terrier-type games!

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

The English Toy Terrier is generally a very healthy breed. Like many small breeds, they can suffer from kneecaps that may temporarily slip out of place (luxating patellas).

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children , all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

English Setter

An elegant, graceful gundog, the English Setter developed in England more than 400 years ago. This affectionate, friendly, gentle breed excels as a family companion. Athletic and energetic, the English Setter requires vigorous daily exercise. He loves his family and is not happy when isolated in a yard or kennel for long periods. The English Setter’s beautiful, feathered coat requires regular maintenance.

DID YOU KNOW? Although many people believe English, Gordon and Irish setters are representatives of different colours or varieties of the same breed, they are three separate breeds.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Lawerack, Laverack, Llewellin (or Llewellyn), Setter

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for non-experienced owners
  • Some training required
  • Enjoys vigorous walks
  • Enjoys walking more than two hours a day
  • Large dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming every other day
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Quiet dog
  • Not a guard dog
  • Great with other pets
  • Great family dog
Lifespan:
10 – 12 years
Weight:
27 – 36kg
Height:
61 – 69cm
Colours:
The rather old term ‘belton’ is used to describe their flecked colour patterning, which can be lemon, orange, liver or blue (black), or tricolour (a mix of blue belton and liver, or tan belton and tan) over a white background
Size:
Large
UK Kennel Club Groups:
Gundog
Personality

The English Setter is a friendly, amiable natured dog that bonds well with family, though is likely to be a little more reserved with strangers. Less enthusiastic or exuberant than some of the Setter family, they are easy going with other dogs and household pets.

 

They are slow to mature and care should be taken to socialise and habituate sensitively, and never overwhelm them or take their tolerant nature for granted.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: England

 

The English Setter’s roots go back to the 1500s, when references to bird dogs that probably resemble the modern English Setter in some way were recorded. There was however, much competition and rivalry between landowners to develop their own specific Setter, and so the exact history is unclear with many variations!

 

It’s likely the Setters are an offshoot of the various land spaniels brought over from Spain, with the possible addition of water spaniel, pointer and springer spaniel types.

 

It’s generally agreed that Sir Edward Lavarack was the most instrumental in establishing the English Setter as a distinct and recognised breed.

 

The English Setters original function was ‘setting’, crouching to indicate where birds were hidden, then either remaining in position whilst nets were thrown, or being asked to move on and push birds into the air to meet the hunter’s hawks (later guns, as falconry fell out of favour).

Nutrition and Feeding

Large breed dogs, as well as having large appetites, benefit from a different balance of nutrients including minerals and vitamins compared to smaller-breed dogs. The English Setter is prone to bloating and stomach problems; smaller, more frequent meals can help minimise this risk.

Exercise

Expect plenty of walking with this breed, several hours per day through a variety of country locations – pavement walks are unlikely to keep an English Setter amused for long, and secure space for free running is important.

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

As with many breeds, the English Setter can suffer from various hereditary eye disorders, and hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Eye testing and hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important. Deafness may also occur as an inherited disorder and can be tested for from a young age. The breed club monitor the health of the breed carefully and should be contacted for the most up-to-date information and details of any DNA or additional testing they recommend. Breed Clubs can be found on the Kennel Club website.

 

Space Requirements

 

The English Setter, while not the largest of the setters, is still a large dog, with a long coat that picks up a surprising quantity of mud, muck and leaf litter. A large garden, and moderate to large home are recommended, ideally with space for a wet muddy setter to dry off after walks. Better suited to countryside or leafy suburbs, this is not a dog that thrives in the town or city.

 

Training English Setter

 

Patience is the key with any Setter and the English Setter is no exception. The breed is predisposed to be distracted by birds both on the ground and in the air, and plenty of work must be put into building a bond, and on recall. This is not a dog who enjoys repetitive training for its own sake, but owners should try to slip training into every day activities instead, and exercise careful management until training is of a high enough standard that they will come back when called – most of the time!

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

The more reserved, sensitive nature of the English Setter means this is a dog better suited to families with older children, who enjoy long walks no matter what the weather. When young, the English Setter (particularly males) can be quite boisterous in play and unaware of their size, making them a risk to very small children and sometimes clumsy around very small dogs. Although patient and tolerant to a degree, the English Setter would prefer a quieter, more mature home. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

 

Did You Know?

 

  • Even amongst litters of show bred puppies, their freezing crouching behaviour can be seen almost as soon as puppies can walk!
  • ‘Belton’ is a very old term for the flecked colour pattern the English Setters coat displays. It’s also seen on Welsh Cobs and Clydesdale horses.
  • President Franklin D. Roosevelt owned around seven dogs while he was in the White House, one was an English Setter called Winks.
  • The English Setter was once used as a status symbol and it was illegal for commoners to own one in the early 17th century, the nobles believed this was the best way to prevent the breed from becoming weak stock.
  • English Setter’s are quite an old breed and can be traced back at least 400 years.
Dogue de Bordeaux

The Dogue de Bordeaux is a powerful, muscular French breed with an instinct for guarding. Though the breed’s appearance can be intimidating, he is a gentle companion with a patient, calm temperament. Fiercely loyal and devoted, he is an excellent guard dog. The Dogue de Bordeaux is known for drooling and snoring but is easy to care because he requires minimal grooming and moderate exercise.

DID YOU KNOW? A Dogue de Bordeaux named “Beasley” appeared as the slobbery but loveable “Hooch” in the 1989 film, “Turner and Hooch,” starring Tom Hanks. Throughout history, the Dogue de Bordeaux has been a guardian, hunter and fighter. He was trained to bait bulls, bears and jaguars, hunt boars, herd cattle, and guard homes.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Dogue de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Mastiff, French Mastiff, Bordeauxdog

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for experienced owners
  • Extra training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking an hour a day
  • Giant dog
  • Minimum drool
  • Requires grooming once a week
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Quiet dog
  • Guard dog. Barks, alerts and it's physically protective
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Lifespan:
8–12 years
Weight:
45–50kg
Height:
58–68cm
Colours:
The coat of the Dogue de Bordeaux is short and quite soft to the touch, and can be all shades of fawn
Size:
Giant
Kennel Club group:
Working
Personality

The Dogue de Bordeaux is a devoted companion that bonds closely with their family and will protect them and their territory if they feel it is threatened. Well-bred, socialised and trained, they are good with children and will accept other household pets if introduced to them when young. They may be aloof - or even positively discouraging - with strangers. They love to please and need to be trained in a consistent and calm manner as they can be surprisingly sensitive.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: France

 

The precise origin of this breed is unknown with some thinking that is it was originally an ancient Roman breed while others suggest it is descended from the Tibetan Mastiff and the Greek Molossus. Others say it has always been a French dog that has slowly been developed over 2000 years. Whatever their history, the Dogue de Bordeaux started their working life as a highly successful fighting dog and was pitted against bulls, bears and other dogs. As well as being a fighter, the Dogue turned their paws to other roles and over the years has been a war dog, a guard dog, a hunting dog and even a cattle driving dog. It was this latter role that saved the breed after the French Revolution when most noble dogs met the same fate as their noble masters. Those working as mere ‘butcher’s dogs’ (who may indeed have been the more peaceable individuals), survived and were later able to re-establish the breed. As part of this re-establishment, they were crossed with the Bulldog which reduced their size.

Nutrition and Feeding

Giant-breed dogs, as well as having giant appetites, benefit from a different balance of minerals and vitamins, supporting different joint and cartilage needs. The Dogue de Bordeaux is prone to bloating and stomach problems; try feeding smaller, more frequent meals to help minimise the risk.

Exercise

They do not require as much exercise as may be expected – about an hour daily should be sufficient for an adult but this is better split into several short walks. They do enjoy spending time outside in the garden however, as long as it’s secure and they have both shade and constant access to water. Too much exercise too young can lead to bone and joint problems in later life and so should be carefully monitored.

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

As with many breeds, the Bordeaux breed can suffer from hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important. They are also prone to skin infections in the excessive skin folds. As they are a brachycephalic breed (short nosed), they can suffer from breathing problems and are likely to be unable to cope with heat or over-exercise.

 

Space Requirements

 

This is a dog who needs a lot of space both inside and out. Gardens should be securely fenced with no access to casual visitors.

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

The Dogue de Bordeaux can make a good family dog where there are older sensible children but is too large and often a little clumsy to be good with younger ones. Their aloofness with strangers means they are not good in households with lots of visitors of any age. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

 

Did You Know?

 

  • The Dogue de Bordeaux found fame in Hollywood starring opposite Tom Hanks in Turner and Hooch. Tom Hanks spent a lot of time playing with the four different dogs who played Hooch so that they would be comfortable with him when they were filming - and apparently Tom Hanks even learnt how to use a clicker! Even then Tom later said it had been one of his most difficult parts because the dogs just did pretty much what they wanted to and it was up to Hollywood’s best loved actor to just react to whatever happened!
  • They’re also known as ‘French Mastiffs’ ‘Bordeaux Bulldogs’ and ‘Bordeaux Mastiffs’.
Dobermann

The Doberman Pinscher was bred in Germany in the late 19th century as a guard dog and companion. Brave, intelligent and easily trained, he also came into high demand as a police and war dog. This energetic, watchful and obedient breed makes an affectionate and loyal family dog. His short coat requires minimal maintenance, but he does best with regular exercise.

DID YOU KNOW? A statue called “Always Faithful” stands at the dog cemetery at the U.S. Naval Base in Guam honoring the Doberman Pinschers who gave their lives serving as sentries, messengers and scouts during World War II.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Doberman

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for experienced owners
  • Extra training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking one to two hours a day
  • Large dog
  • Minimum drool
  • Requires grooming once a week
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Quiet dog
  • Guard dog. Barks, alerts and it's physically protective
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Life Span:
10-13 years
Weight:
The adult weighs around 32-45kg
Height:
Adult males measure around 69cm and adult females 65cm
Colours:
Brown, black, blue or fawn (also known as Isabella) with rust markings
Size:
Large
Kennel Club group:
Working
Personality

The Dobermann is a dog who needs mental and physical activity. Socialised early with other dogs, pets and children, the Dobermann can make a good family pet. Being loyal and affectionate these dogs will certainly protect the home.

 

They often tend to be a 'one man dog' and will usually ‘belong’ more to one person in the family rather than the whole family. Dobermanns are often suspicious of strangers - human and canine. By merit of their size, strength and activity levels - as well as their guarding tendencies - they are not for the inexperienced or for those who can’t put in the time to exercise and train these demanding dogs.

History and Origins

The Dobermann was created with a very specific job in mind. In the late 19th century Louis Dobermann, a German tax collector was getting pretty fed up of getting robbed when he was collecting money and decided he needed an effective personal protection dog. As he was also the director of the local animal shelter, he had plenty of opportunities to do some complicated cross-breeding in order to produce a physically imposing dog who would be both fierce if needs be and act as an effective deterrent.

 

Sadly, Herr Dobermann was a far better tax collector than he was at recording his dog breeding so it is largely guesswork what breeds he used to create his perfect companion. It’s thought that he added German Pinschers, Rottweilers, Beaucerons and German Pointers to the mix, but despite some now hazy beginnings, he certainly created an impressive and now well-loved dog.

 

By 1899 the breed was recognised by the German Kennel Club and they soon became popular the world over for their almost unbeatable skills as a property guard and in security work. Their guarding traits have been watered down over the years and they are now more often to be seen as companion dogs but those instincts are often not that far from the surface.

Nutrition and Feeding

Large breed dogs, as well as having large appetites, benefit from a different balance of nutrients including minerals and vitamins compared to smaller-breed dogs. Dobermanns are prone to bloating and stomach problems; smaller, more frequent meals can help minimise this risk.

Exercise

A Dobermann needs plenty of dog exercise, training and stimulation. This is an active, athletic breed that will enjoy long walks to include free-running. Two-plus hours of daily exercise is recommended for an adult Doberman, along with ongoing training. They are also a playful dog so will enjoy enrichment toys and interactive games to keep their brains and bodies occupied.

Other Information

Health and Common Concerns

 

The most common health problems encountered in Dobermanns are heart disease, a problem with the vertebrae in the neck (Wobbler's syndrome) and von Willebrand's disease (a disorder of blood clotting). As with many breeds, they can suffer from various hereditary eye disorders, and hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Eye testing and hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important. Contact the breed club for the most up to date health testing information.

 

Space Requirements

 

The Dobermann is a large dog breed with serious exercise needs and so needs a substantial sized house and garden - and ideally with access to the countryside for the long walks they will need. If the dog is to have free range of the garden, safe access to the front door will be needed for deliveries etc.

 

Training Dobermanns

 

Dobermanns are clever and love to work with their owners and so are extremely trainable. These are dog who need to be trained to a high level to keep them controllable, safe and to manage their natural guarding instincts. Early dog socialisation is extremely important as their natural suspicion of strangers can cause serious problems if under-socialised and not well-managed.

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

While the Dobermann can make a great family dog that is devoted to all, they are generally too large for smaller children and may be problematic with visiting children or their parents so they are better in child-free situations or with older sensible children. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with each other and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

 

Did You Know?

 

During the first World War the breed almost died out as people in Europe couldn’t afford to keep such large dogs but the Dobermann found work in the military and police which ensured their future. When they first hit the show rings legend says that judges were too scared of them to open their mouths to look at their teeth and so one dog became a Champion despite missing several teeth!

Dog